Human Immnodeficiency Virus belongs to the Retrovirus family. A retrovirus is a virus that has a genome consisting of RNA. An enzyme that is part of the human immnodefeciency virus reads the sequence of viral RNA nucliec acids that have entered the host cell and transcribe the sequence into a complimentary DNA sequence. It relies on reverse transcriptase to perform reverse transcription of its genome from RNA to DNA for insertion by intergrase into host genome. The virus itself is just a storage form for its DNA; the reverse transcription takes place in the host’s cytosol. Inside our cell is a large fluid space called cytoplasm also known as cytosol.
HAART is the name given to aggressive treatment regimens used to suppress HIV viral replication and progress of the disease. The most common HAART regimens combine such as two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and a protease inhibitor (PI), two NRTI and a non-nucleoside transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or other combination.As HIV reproduces itself, variants of the virus emerge, including some that are resistant to antiretroviral drugs. This development madedoctors to recommend the use of combined antiretroviral drugs also known as Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. This method in containing the damage brought by the HIV virus to the infected person has been proven to have effectively suppressed the virus when used properly.
These HAART treatments have proven to reduce th amount of active virus and in some cases lower the number of active virus until it is undetectable by current blood testing techniques.
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It has revolutionized the treatment of HIV positive people. HAART works by suppressing the virus and decreasing the rate of opportunistic infections. The aim of HAART is to keep the amount of HIV at low level. While it is true that HAART has greatly reduced the the number of deaths due to HIV infections it is also a fact that this powerful combination of drugs cannot suppress the virus completely. Taking HAARTmay cause unpleasant side effects such as nausea and vommitting. In addition, it may cause more serious medical problems including metabolic changes and bone loss. These complex reaction to the treatment varies as each individual is unique. Hence, it is highly recommended to talk to your doctor before deciding when to start doing the necessary treatment. Thus,it is important to take into account both the benefits and and potential risks of any currently available regimens before starting a AIDS therapy.
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